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On Democracy, Corruption, And Tyranny Essay - 833 Words

Section 2: On Democracy, Corruption, and Tyranny Consider, for example, Pericles’ assertion that law is â€Å"all things†¦that the assembled multitude has approved and written, pointing out what should and should not be done† (1.2.42). Alcibiades’ then asks Pericles â€Å"what if it is not the multitude, but the resembled few who write [the law]? What is this this?† (1.2.43); Pericles concedes that is too can be considered as law (1.2.43). Alcibiades then asks â€Å"what [then becomes of] violence and lawlessness? Is it not when one who is stronger compels one who is weaker not by persuasion but by the use of violence?† (1.2.44). Pericles revises his initial position by stating that â€Å"everything†¦that one compels someone to do without persuading him†¦is violence rather than law† (1.2.45). Alcibiades, inspired by Pericles’ revision, then asks him if â€Å"whatever the whole multitude writes†¦when it overpowers those having wealth, would be violence rather than law?† (1.2.45). Pericles completely dodges the question, applauds Alcibiades’ youth and cleverness, and makes a remark about how he himself was once like Alcibiades (1.2.46). Finally, Alcibiades states â€Å"†¦I could have been your companion at the time, Pericles, when you where at your cleverest† (1.2.46). At stake here, is the extent to which the subversive nature of Socrates’ anti-democratic pedagogical praxis can be directly held responsible for having corrupted Alcibiades. Indeed, we learn earlier on in the Memorabilia, that part of the logicShow MoreRelatedImpact of John Stuart Mill’s Philosophies on Philippines’ Society, Politics and Economy1093 Words   |  5 PagesPhilippines’ Society, Politics and Economy Mendoza, A.; SocSci 2 WBYDX John Stuart Mill’s social, political, and economic philosophies are widely applied in the Philippine setting. His conception of social liberty, feminism, political democracy and economic democracy is practiced in the country, although not holistically applied or not well-carried out at some cases. Philippines, as a democratic country, adapts the libertarian culture that Mill believes to be the best for achieving intellectualRead MoreEssay on Platos Republic981 Words   |  4 Pagesperfect society. He outlines a utopian society, out of his disapproval for the tension of political life. Plato lived through the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC), in which much of Greece was devastated. This created poverty and political confusion and corruption. Therefore, Plato created a sketch of a society in which the problems he thought were present would be eased. Essentially, The Republic deals with the question of justice and therefore with the questions what is a just state? and who is aRead MoreAristotles Endorsement of Polity as the Best Possible for Most States746 Words   |  3 Pagesbest understand the whole society, and would therefore be good to rule; that the poor should perform deliberative and judicial functions but not allowed to hold office. In terms of types of ‘polity’ this is a mixture of oligarchy and democracy. Aristotle believes that the best possible state, one in which virtue is best able to prevail is one in which some political functions are assigned to the many poor and lower classes, and other functions to the few rich and well bornRead MoreTyranny And The Social Wellbeing Of Citizens1750 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerned themselves at some point with the issue of tyranny in society. Such writers spanned from Alexis de Tocqueville, to John Stuart Mill, to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The interpretations and approaches taken to the subject of tyranny and how to protect against it, though, were as varied as the collection of authors who addressed it. From de Tocqueville’s stringent observations in Democracy in America, the concept of a purely political tyranny is delineated. In contrast, Mill’s essay On LibertyRead MoreAristotle s Views On The Morality Of Government1350 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially something the ancient Greek philosophers argued over as they were ruled by a patriarchal democracy. Plato and later Aristotle grappled with this question over who should rule and what various forms or kinds of rule would look like. Aristotle mentions a few various true fo rms of government such as a kingship, aristocracy, and polity as well as their perverted forms such a tyranny, oligarchy, and democracy. 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For democracy is a form of government that rely on a system of law in which individuals are treated equally while having fair access to the legislative process through electing official who will act in their constituent’s interest and voice their concern. Through proper protection with legislation, individuals freedom can be ensured. Yet the nature of democracy favour majority thus itRead MorePopulist Leadership, Modern Tyranny1421 Words   |  6 PagesPopulist Leadership, Modern Tyranny Introduction: In the paper presented below, the author assembles an idea about populism as a modern tyranny, taking book IX as a reference for the similarity of certain features among a populist leader today, with the tyrant of yesterday described by Plato. According to Socrates the democratic man arose from the oligarchic father when he dared to place in the same rank the necessary and unnecessary desires enjoying them in moderation. In Book IX of the treatiseRead MoreHenrik Ibsens Expression of Beliefs in An Enemy of the People1715 Words   |  7 Pageswriting it is easy to skim over the in depth back round. Looking deeper, one can find a multi-layered plot with many social and political messages between the lines. Ibsen had a problem with particular parts of government, such as, tyranny of the majority, Parliamentary democracy, and the hypocrisy of the liberal press. An Enemy of the People is a realistic stage drama in five acts. It depicts ordinary life, as it is, not as a fantasy unlike oth er common literature. An Enemy of the People, by Henrik IbsenRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Stuart Mill, there is a concern for the tyranny of the majority. He expresses his concern in, On Liberty, by supporting an increase in individual liberties. It is expressed again in, On Representative Government, by promoting a true democracy. 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What Has to Kill a Mockingbird Taught You About Prejudice and Justice Free Essays

What Has To Kill a Mockingbird Taught You about Prejudice and Justice? After reading this book I had a great knowledge of prejudice and justice in the Deep South in the 1930s. In 1861 – 1865 war was on. Parliament abolished slavery in America in 1865 but the south needed slaves for their trade. We will write a custom essay sample on What Has to Kill a Mockingbird Taught You About Prejudice and Justice? or any similar topic only for you Order Now So they carried on mistreating blacks, disobeying the law. After the war (with the North winning) blacks were still treated with injustice and inequality. The blacks still had bad jobs and most of them worked for the whites for instance a cleaner or maid. When Tom Robinson was on trial in the court there were no black people in the jury. The black people who wanted to watch the trial had to sit on the upper tier where there were limited seats so most of them stood. †Your fathers no better than the niggers and trash he works for† Miss Dubose told Jem. This is an extremely racist and somewhat unnecessary comment for Miss Dubose to make. This implies that Atticus is worse than, in her opinion, the blacks and other lower class of the town. Whites treated blacks like dirt and looked down on them whenever they would pass them in the street. There was a clear social hierarchy in Maycomb; the whites viewed themselves significantly higher than the blacks. All of Tom Robinson’s evidence in the court case showed that he was not guilty but because he was black the jury sentenced him to prison. Judge Taylor did not want to sentence Tom Robinson but the majority of the jury agreed on him being guilty. They all thought that just because he was black he lied and was cruel to people. Aunt Alexandra had a somewhat haughty attitude towards things like this. Atticus and Aunt Alexandra had very different views on the way of life and the way people should live. For instance they both had very different perceptions on the word trashy. Atticus uses the word trashy to describe a stuck-up white man being racist towards a black man but Aunt Alexandra uses it to describe Walter Cunningham and his family. The clear distinction between these two very different uses of the word is that Atticus uses it to describe people who are generally ignorant but Alexandra uses it to describe people of the lower class who are dirty. This reveals that the whole way through the story Alexandra sticks to her views and not even after Tom Robinson’s court case does she change her mind. In a way Atticus does the same thing and throughout the novel fights to uphold justice. Atticus is the only white man apart from Judge Taylor who is not racist or prejudice towards the blacks. In the middle of the novel when Tom Robinson is in jail, Atticus guards him himself all night and when Mr Cunningham and a group of other men ambush him all Atticus does is try to keep the peace. Miss Dubose constantly has a moan about Atticus and what he stands for and Atticus completely ignores it and is extremely polite to her. He is an extremely kind and gentle man who is loyal to Tom Robinson. At the start of the novel Scout is incredibly naive, angry and violent. She also has no respect for other people like Walter Cunnigham. Scout finds it odd and strange that Walter Cunningham pours syrup all over his meal and she isn’t afraid to express her opinion vocally. This upsets not only Walter but Calpurnia as well and Scout gets a good telling off from her. This shows that Scout is not only disrespectful and rude but can also be slightly snobby. When she first heard of Boo Radley she pictured him peculiar looking and was awfully scared of him. Then when Boo started leaving gifts in a tree for Jem and Scout she thought that he could maybe be alright and not creepy like she thought. Then towards the end when Boo kills Bob Ewell to defend the children, Scout realises that he is a kind and not at all freaky. In fact she takes him by the hand and talks to him with high regard. These series of extremely shocking events changes Scouts character throughout the story. To Kill a Mockingbird has taught me a great deal about Prejudice and Justice. I have especially learned about Justice from the way that Atticus acted ,the way that Scout changed but most of all Tom Robinson and the people involved in the court case. How to cite What Has to Kill a Mockingbird Taught You About Prejudice and Justice?, Essay examples

Leadership Styles and Subordinate Work Engagement

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Styles and Subordinate Work Engagement. Answer: Introduction In the current competitive market, organizational leaders do their best to assist their organization in achieving their goals and objectives (Sameer, 2012). This involves using different leadership styles and strategies. Various leaders with different characteristics and natures can exercise an entirely different management theory in an organization. The features of a leader determine the developing model of an organization and also drive success or failure. The objective of this paper is to compare two business leaders. One of the leaders of interest, in this case, will be Carly Fiorina of HP Company and the second one will be Michael T Duke of Wal-Mart Company. Although they have a common goal of assisting their organizations to achieve their aims, they use different leadership approaches to trigger success in their organizations First leader: Carly Fiorina of HP Company Carly Fiorina was born in 1954 and schooled in Stanford University. In 1999, she was appointed as the CEO of HP company and ended the role of CEO in 2005 (Gaye, 2015). During her role as a CEO, she was characterized as a hardworking and competent leader. Before being presented appointed as the chief executive officer of HP, the company was experiencing years of depressing. Fiorina began her career in HP as a receptionist, but with few years of hard work, she joined the leadership and management positions. While working as the company CEO, she developed various skills including planning, decision-making, delegating, communicating, and coordinating among others (Michael, 2012). During his tenure with HP, Fiorina did much to the company including turning the company from HP Ways to Fiorina way. Regarding leadership style, she can be classified as authoritarian in both controlling and in regulating policy, and procedures (Arsalan, 2016). Apart from being authoritarian, she also exercised democratic type of leadership style. Her personalities mostly influenced her leadership. She is known to be very diligent, calm, and hardworking During her management, she always struggled to achieve what she thought was good for the company. Fiorina believes everybody is capable of far than he or she realizes (Jennifer, 2011). While with HP Company, Fiorina gave her team workers an opportunity to recognize who they were, their abilities, and the far they could go in future. Although she brought success to this company, she was not welcomed by everyone. Although she felt her management style was good for the companys development, some of the board members were worried about the future of HP under Fiorinas leadership (Erna, 2016). Additionally, because Fiorina is a female leader, some of the males did not accept the fact that they were being managed and controlled by a woman. Second leader, Michael T. Duke of Wal-Mart Company Mike joined Wal-Mart company in 1995 and worked in various positions before reaching the CEO position (Arsalan, 2016). Among these departments include logistics, administration and distribution divisions.In his role as a CEO, he organized strong management team with the aim of fulfilling the mission of this company. Mike is characterized as a low-key person (Victor, 2012). As a senior person in Wal-Mart, he was always clear on when is to begin a fight for his companys business growth. Although Mike was strict and decisive, he gave his counterparts an impression of friendly-ness, kindness and easy going. On the contrary, Mike has a talent for putting together his staff and also had specified directions on how to improve the company. For this company, Mikes presence was highly appreciated. Under his leadership, the company found it easy to establish a skilled team that always coordinated to share ideas and skills (Erna, 2016). However, everything that has advantages also has some disadvantages. Although the company may have the ability to grasp an excellent development opportunity under the leadership of Mike, there are various challenges posed to its progress. Critical comparison of the two leaders In a comparison to the two leaders, Fiorina seems to be more influential than Mike. Although Mike assisted Walmart to establish a qualified team, he seems not to be as prominent as Fiorina (Laura, 2010). Starting from junior positions to the CEO positions indicates that both leaders were focused and hardworking. Fiorina began her career as a receptionist while Mike worked in different departments including, logistics and administration before reaching the CEO position. The character difference between Fiorina and Mike is evident. Fiorinas attitude towards work was very positive (Whetten, 2011). Her enthusiasm towards work is the key to her career progression. However, sometimes the aspect of being strict and persistent and high desire to succeed often led made some of the employees to resist her. Fiorina is an authoritarian leader. This type of leadership style made her dictate policies and decides on what goals to attain, and by which means (Erna, 2016). She also controlled most of the activities with minimal participation from her subordinates. Mike is characterized as moderate and communicative; he can be classified to belong to the emotional leadership intelligence leadership type. He is an easy going and person who listens to other peoples opinions. He is a kind of a leader who influences staff through emotions. Both leaders are result oriented. Before Fiorina become the HP Company CEO, the company was not performing well. She emphasized on adjusting strategy and simplifying structures. She organized the company into four groups which managed to improve work efficiency (Erna, 2016). She led the company in pursuit and struggled to differentiate the company from its competitors. On the other hand, Mike also struggled to make his company stand out in the market. Apart from continuing to establish various business strategies, he also established different marketing strategies which assisted the company to survive in the global financial crises. The ability to manage teamwork seems to vary from one leader to the other. During his management, Mike was very famous and respected by his staff (Whetten, 2011). He had positive relationships with his workers and was also capable of organizing effective teams. Because of being harsh and strict at times, it was challenging for Fiorina to establish loyal groups. Gender was another issue which impacted her from managing effective teams. Most people especially the male felt uncomfortable to be administered by a female manager. Another comparison which can be made from these leaders is their leadership styles. Fiorina exercised authoritarian type of leadership style (Erna, 2016). In this kind of leadership, a leader dictates policies and makes all decisions concerning which goals are to be attained and how they should be attained. He or she also controls and directs all activities without with little involvement of his or her subordinates. On the other hand, Mike used emotional intelligence kind of leadership. In this type of leadership, the leader influences his or her employees through emotions. Conclusion Organizations cannot survive without real leadership. From the comparison, it is clear that there are differences and similarities between the two leaders. Although some of the characteristics may appear to be similar, each one of them has his or her leadership style. Mikes leadership style seems to favor his relationship with the employees while that of Fiorina appears to impact her from developing active groups. Although the two leaders use different leadership styles, they have a common aim of assisting their organizations to succeed. This means irrespective of which kind of leadership a leader uses, he or she should be focused on establishing better performance in their organization (Ivan, 2014). The aspect of struggling to make their Companies perform after some years of hard times means leadership style, as well as the natures and characteristics of a leader, determines the performance of an organization. References Michael, D. M. 2013. Leadership Role Models in Fairy Tales - Using the Example of Folk Art and Fairy Tales, and Novels Especially in Cross-Cultural Comparison: German, Russian and Romanian Fairy Tales. Review of European Studies, 5(5), 90-100. Sameer. L. 2012. Leadership Styles Conflict Management Styles of Executives. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 48(1), 78-90. Whetten, D. A. Cameron, K. S. (2011). Developing Management Skills, 8th Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Gaye, C. A. 2015. Leadership Styles and Subordinate Work Engagement: The Moderating Impact of Leader Gender. Leadership--Surveys, 7(3), 267-400. Victor. D. 2012. Effective Organizational Consulting across Cultural Boundaries: A Case Focusing on Leadership Styles and Team-Building. Organization Development Journal, 30(4), 78-90. Arsalan, K. N. 2013. Leadership Styles and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Small and Medium Scale Firms. Researchers World,4(2), 78-90. Erna, V. A. 2016. Leadership Styles in Transitional Economies. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 15(1), 56-90. Laura, D. M. 2010. The Impact of Path-Goal Leadership Styles on Work Group Effectiveness and Turnover Intention. Journal of Managerial Issues, 22(1), 123-150. Ivan, B. M. 2014. The Relationship between Managers' Leadership Styles and Motivation. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 19(1), 123-145. Jennifer. Y. 2011. Leadership Styles and Gender Role: Internalization among Female Managers in the United States. Advancing Women in Leadership, 31(1), 567-600.